2024 知到智慧树英语语言学答案

网课知到app英语语言学单元测试答案

第一章 单元测试

1、Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general.

A:错

B:对

正确答案:【错】

2、Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.

A:错

B:对

正确答案:【错】

3、Language is used to record the facts, which is the informative function of language, also called ideational function in the framework of functional grammar.

A:对

B:错

正确答案:【对】

4、Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.

A:错

B:对

正确答案:【对】

5、If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be _.

A:descriptive

B:linguistic

C:prescriptive

D:analytic

正确答案:【descriptive】

6、Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?

A:Meaningfulness

B:Duality

C:Arbitrariness

D:Displacement

正确答案:【Meaningfulness】

7、Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _ and meanings.

A:ideas

B:objects

C:sense

D:sounds

正确答案:【sounds】

8、Saussure took a(n) _ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a __ point of view.

A:semantic…linguistic

B:sociological…psychological

C:psychological…sociological

D:applied…pragmatic

正确答案:【sociological…psychological】

9、According to Jakobson, _____ are the functions of language?

A:metalingual

B:referential

C:interpersonal

D:conative

正确答案:【metalingual;

referential;

conative】

10、Which of the following belongs to the main branches of linguistics?

A:phonetics

B:Semantics

C:psycholinguistics

D:Morphology

正确答案:【phonetics;

Semantics;

Morphology】

第二章 单元测试

1、

Phonology is concerned with how the sounds can be classified into different categories.

A:对

B:错

正确答案:【错】

2、

Distinctive features of sound segments can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic segments.

A:错

B:对

正确答案:【对】

3、

What is the difference between the fields of phonetics and phonology?

A:Phonetics is mostly concerned with the production of vowels and consonants, while phonology is more about phenomena such as tone.

B:Phonetics is the more general discipline concerned with all kinds of sounds, whereas phonology is specifically concerned with modern experimental methodologies.

C:Phonetics is concerned with historical data, whereas phonology is concerned with how language is actually spoken.

D:Phonetics is concerned with the physical and physiological aspects of sounds, while phonology is concerned with sounds as parts of language.

正确答案:【Phonetics is concerned with the physical and physiological aspects of sounds, while phonology is concerned with sounds as parts of language.

】

4、

Question: Which of the following sounds is velar ?

A:A.

g

B:h

C:p

D:s

E:r

正确答案:【A.

g

】

5、

Which of the following sounds is not alveolar?

A:f

B:t

C:s

D:d

正确答案:【f】

6、

Would it be useful to compare German and English when trying to establish how English was spoken in the past?

A:Yes, because all languages were pronounced in similar ways in the more distant past.

B:Yes, because German is an older language than English.

C:No, because English is an older language than German.

D:Yes, because they have a spelling that is very similar.

E:Yes, because English and German are related and each may have a more conservative pronunciation in some points.

F:No, because there is no archeological record about the relationship between the two languages.

正确答案:【Yes, because English and German are related and each may have a more conservative pronunciation in some points.】

7、

In German, the word 'Kind' (child) has the plural form Kind-er. In the letter d is actually pronounced as [t], but in the plural form one pronounces it as a [d]. Which phonological feature is involved in this alternation?

A:Manner of articulation

B:Voice

C:Place of articulation

D:Sonorant

E:Velar

正确答案:【Voice】

8、

English and German have relatively large vowel inventories. What reason does the discussion provide for this?

A:These languages have a long writing tradition, influencing the number of vowels that can be expressed.

B:Earlier distinctions between long and short vowels developed into vowel quality contrasts in these languages.

C:Because of extensive language contact, these languages borrowed vowels from each other.

D:These languages are relatively old and had more time to develop the vowel inventory.

E:These languages tend to have a simpler syllable structure than other languages, and need more differences between vowels.

正确答案:【These languages tend to have a simpler syllable structure than other languages, and need more differences between vowels.】

9、How do features help us understand and explain the path of language acquisition?

A:Children are slowed down by the need to learn difficult features.

B:Children become gradually aware of features.

C:Children use features to put sounds in rectangular tables.

D:Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.

E:Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.

正确答案:【Children become gradually aware of features.;

Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.;

Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.】

10、

Which three of the following parameters are relevant for consonant sounds? Please check all that apply.

A:Restructuring

B:Manner of articulation

C:Voicing

D:Structure of articulation

E:Place of articulation

F:Height of articulation

正确答案:【Manner of articulation;

Voicing;

Place of articulation】

第三章 单元测试

1、Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be classified as ____.

A:form words

B:function words

C:grammatical words

D:lexical words

正确答案:【lexical words】

2、Morphemes that represent tense, number, gender and case are called _____ morpheme.

A:bound

B:derivational

C:inflectional

D:free

正确答案:【inflectional】

3、______ is a way in which new words may be formed from already existing words by subtracting an affix which is thought to be part of the old word.

A:back-formation

B:insertion

C:addition

D:affixation

正确答案:【back-formation】

4、The stem of the word “disagreements” is __.

A:disagreement

B:agreement

C:agree

D:disagreements

正确答案:【disagreement 】

5、All of them are meaningful except for __.

A:allomorph

B:phoneme

C:lexeme

D:morpheme

正确答案:【phoneme】

6、“Fore” in “foretell” is both a prefix and a bound morpheme. 

A:错

B:对

正确答案:【错】

7、The words “whimper”, “whisper” and “whistle” are formed in the way of onomatopoeia.

A:错

B:对

正确答案:【对】

8、In most cases, the number of syllables of a word corresponds to the number of morphemes.

A:错

B:对

正确答案:【错】

9、Back-formation is a productive way of word-formation.

A:对

B:错

正确答案:【错】

10、Inflection is a particular way of word-formation.

A:错

B:对

正确答案:【对】

第四章 单元测试

1、Prase structure rules have ______ properties.

A:functional

B:social

C:recursive

D:grammatical

正确答案:【recursive】

2、The syntactic rules of any language are ____ in number.

A:small

B:finite

C:infinite

D:large

正确答案:【finite】

3、The __ rules are the rules that group words and phrases to form grammatical sentences.

A:lexical

B:morphological

C:linguistic

D:combinational

正确答案:【combinational】

4、A sentence is considered ____ when it does not conform to the grammatical knowledge in the mind of native speakers.

A:wrong

B:ungrammatical

C:grammatical

D:right

正确答案:【ungrammatical】

5、A ____ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause. 

A:preposition

B:particle

C:subordinator

D:coordinator