学堂在线（桥梁工程试验与检测）期末考试答案

Bridge Engineering test and inspection（桥梁工程试验与检测） - 贵州交通职业技术学院 - 学堂在线

1.单选题(2分)

桥梁质量检验评定的基本单元是()。

The basic unit of bridge quality inspection and evaluation is ( ).

A

分项工程

Sub-project

B 

分部工程

branch engineering

C 

单位工程

unit engineering

D 

施工工序

construction process

正确答案：A

2.多选题(2分)

下列关于钻孔灌注桩低应变检测开始时间的说法中，哪些是正确的?( )

Which of the following statements about the start time of low-strain inspection of bored piles is correct? ( )

 A

受检桩的混凝土龄期应达到28d

The concrete age of the piles under inspection should reach 28 days

B预留同条件养护试块强度应达到设计强度

The strength of the reserved test block under the same conditions should reach the design strength

C 

受检桩混凝土强度至少应达到设计强度的70%

The concrete strength of the inspected pile shall reach at least 70% of the design strength

D 

受检桩混凝土强度应不小于15MPa

The strength of the tested pile concrete shall not be less than 15MPa

正确答案：C,D  (少选不得分)

3.多选题(2分)

应根据检测目的选择基桩检测方法，如选用低应变法可达到以下目的()。

The pile detection method should be selected according to the detection purpose. If the low strain method is selected, the following purposes can be achieved ( ).

A检测桩身缺陷及其位置

Detection of pile shaft defects and their locations

B推定桩身混凝土强度

Estimated concrete strength of pile body

C估算单桩竖向抗压极限承载力

Estimation of vertical compressive ultimate bearing capacity of single pile

D 

判定桩身完整性类别

Determine the pile integrity category

E精确校核桩长

Accurately check the post length

正确答案：A,D  (少选不得分)

4.判断题(2分)

预应力混凝土用钢绞线拉伸试验，试样在夹头内和距钳口2倍钢绞线公称直径内断裂达不到标准要求时，试验无效。

The tensile test of steel strand used for prestressed concrete is invalid when the specimen fails to meet the standard requirements within the nominal diameter of steel strand two times from the clamp.

正确答案：正确

5.判断题(2分)

力传感器和加速度传感器标定系数应采用国家法定计量机构开具的标定系数。

The calibration coefficients of the force sensor and acceleration sensor shall be the calibration coefficients issued by the national legal metrology agency.

正确答案：正确

6.单选题(2分)

工程质量检验评定以分项工程为根本单元，采用（）。

The project quality inspection and evaluation takes the sub-project as the basic unit, and adopts ( ).

A 

评审法

Evaluation method

B 

评估法

Evaluation method

C

合格率法

pass rate method

D 

综合法

Comprehensive method

正确答案：C

7.单选题(2分)

单节混凝土预制桩，低应变抽检数量不应少于总桩数的()，且不应少于()。

For single-section concrete precast piles, the number of low-strain sampling inspections shall not be less than ( ) of the total number of piles, and should not be less than ( ).

A

10%，10根

10%, 10 sticks

B 

10%，20根

10%, 20 sticks

C 

20%，10根

20%, 10 sticks

D 

20%，20根

20%, 20 sticks

正确答案：A

8.多选题(2分)

钢箱梁结构检算主要内容包括( )。The main checking contents of steel box girder structure include ().

A正交异性板Orthotropic plate

B 

翼缘板Flange plate

C 

腹板web

D 

横隔板Diaphragm plate

E 基础

正确答案：A,B,C,D  (少选不得分)

9.单选题(2分)

桥梁动载试验效率- - 般采用( ) 。

A 

0.85

B 

0.95

C

1.0

D 

1.05

正确答案：C

10.判断题(2分)

桩-土系统受到瞬态冲击激励后的响应不但取决于冲击激励函数的形式，而且取决于桩-土系统本身的动力特性，同一系统受到不同激励冲击，其响应是不同的。

The response of the pile-soil system after being excited by the transient shock depends not only on the form of the shock excitation function, but also on the dynamic characteristics of the pile-soil system itself.

正确答案：正确

11.多选题(2分)

桥梁工程常用的波纹管有预应力混凝土桥梁用的（ ）。

Bridge engineering commonly used bellows with prestressed concrete bridge ().

A塑料波纹管

Plastic bellows

B橡胶波纹管

Rubber bellows

C尼龙波纹管

Nylon bellows

D 

金属波纹管

Metal bellows

正确答案：A,D  (少选不得分)

12.多选题(2分)

单桩竖向抗拔静载试验，出现下列()情况时可终止加载。

For the vertical pull-out static load test of a single pile, the loading can be terminated when the following ( ) conditions occur.

 A

累计桩顶上拔量超过10mm

The cumulative pile top pull exceeds 10mm

B 

桩顶上拔荷载达到钢筋强度标准值的0.9倍

The pull-up load on the top of the pile reaches 0.9 times the standard value of the reinforcement strength

C 

桩顶上拔量大于前一级上拔荷载作用下上拔量的5倍

The uplift amount of the top of the pile is 5 times greater than the uplift amount under the action of the previous uplift load

D 

工程桩验收时，达到设计要求的最大上拔荷载值

When the engineering pile is accepted, the maximum uplift load value that meets the design requirements

正确答案：B,C,D  (少选不得分)

13.多选题(2分)

单桩水平静载试验的检测目的包括:()。

The detection purpose of the horizontal static load test of a single pile includes: ( ).

A确定单桩水平临界和极限承载力

Determining the horizontal critical and ultimate bearing capacity of a single pile

B 

推定土抗力参数

Inferred soil resistance parameters

C 

判定水平承载力是否满足设计要求

Determine whether the horizontal bearing capacity meets the design requirements

D 

通过桩身内力及变形测试，测定桩身弯矩

Through the internal force and deformation test of the pile body, the bending moment of the pile body is determined

正确答案：A,B,C,D  (少选不得分)

14.判断题(2分)

桥梁荷载试验时,为保证结构安全,不能选可能产生最大挠度的加载工况。

During the bridge load test, in order to ensure the safety of the structure, the loading condition that may produce the maximum deflection cannot be selected.

正确答案：错误

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15.单选题(2分)

钢筋拉伸试验计算抗拉强度时，采用（  ）作为钢筋的计算横截面面积。

When calculating the tensile strength of reinforcement in tensile test, () is used as the cross section area of reinforcement.

A 

实测横截面面积

Measured cross sectional area

B 

参考横截面面积

Reference cross sectional area

C

公称横截面面积

Nominal cross sectional area

D 

理论横截面面积

Theoretical cross sectional area

正确答案：C

16.单选题(2分)

某混凝土立方体试件抗压强度试验结果为，试件1:43.1MP，试件2:51.6MP。试件3:58.5MP,则该组混凝土立方体抗压强度试件测定值为（ ）。

The compressive strength test results of a concrete cube specimen are 1:43.1MP and 2:51.6MP. Specimen 3:58.5mp, then the measured value of the concrete cube compressive strength specimen is ().

A 

43.1MP

B 

51.1MP

C

51.6MP

D 

试验结果无效

Test results invalid

正确答案：C

17.单选题(2分)

预应力混凝土用钢绞线应力松弛性能试验，试样的环境温度应保持在（  ）之内。

The ambient temperature of steel strand used for prestressed concrete should be kept within ().

A

20±2℃

B 

20±5℃

C 

23±2℃

D 

23±5℃

正确答案：A

18.单选题(2分)

公称直径d=20mm的HRB400钢筋进行弯曲性能试验，对弯芯直径的要求是（  ）。

For the bending performance test of HRB400 steel bar with nominal diameter D =20mm, the bending core diameter is ().

A 

3d

B

4d

C 

5d

D 

6d

正确答案：B

19.单选题(2分)

预应力混凝土用钢绞线最大力总伸长率试验，试样数量为每批（）根。

To test the maximum total elongation of steel strand for prestressed concrete, the number of specimens is per batch ().

A 

1

B 

2

C

3

D 

4

正确答案：C

20.判断题(2分)

低应变检测波波形有轻微畸变，波速基本正常，桩身有轻微缺陷，对桩的使用没有影响，应判为Ⅰ类完整桩。

The waveform of the low-strain detection wave is slightly distorted, the wave speed is basically normal, and the pile body has a slight defect, which has no effect on the use of the pile, and should be judged as a complete pile of Class I.

正确答案：错误

21.单选题(2分)

不同桩型材料质量密度的大小排序一般是(  )。

The order of the mass density of different pile-type materials is generally ( ).

A 

钢桩、混凝土预制桩、离心管桩、混凝土灌注桩

Steel piles, precast concrete piles, centrifugal pipe piles, cast-in-place concrete piles

B 

钢桩、混凝土灌注桩、离心管桩、混凝土预制桩

Steel piles, cast-in-place concrete piles, centrifugal pipe piles, precast concrete piles

C 

钢桩、离心管桩、混凝土灌注桩、混凝土预制桩

Steel piles, centrifugal pipe piles, cast-in-place concrete piles, precast concrete piles

D

钢桩、离心管桩、混凝土预制桩、混凝土灌注桩

Steel piles, centrifugal pipe piles, precast concrete piles, cast-in-place concrete piles

正确答案：D

22.单选题(2分)

锚具锚口损失不大于（ ）。

Anchor port loss is not greater than ().

A 

3%

B 

2.5%

C 

5%

D

6%

正确答案：D

23.判断题(2分)

桥梁试验检测是施工控制的重要手段。

Bridge test detection is an important means of construction control.

正确答案：正确

24.多选题(2分)

下列关于单桩承载力特征值的说法中，(  )选项是正确的。

In the following statements about the eigenvalues of single pile bearing capacity, the option ( ) is correct.

A单桩承载力特征值是对单位工程内同一条件下的单桩承载力检测值统计，考虑一定的安全储备而得到的数值结果

The characteristic value of the bearing capacity of a single pile is a numerical result obtained from the statistics of the bearing capacity of a single pile under the same conditions in a unit project and considering a certain safety reserve.

B单桩承载力特征值是严格建立在概率统计学基础上的统计结果

The characteristic value of the bearing capacity of a single pile is a statistical result strictly established on the basis of probability statistics.

C单桩承载力特征值满足设计要求涵盖所有试桩承载力均满足设计要求

The characteristic value of the bearing capacity of the single pile meets the design requirements. The bearing capacity of all test piles meets the design requirements.

D工程桩承载力检测结果“仅对来样负责”

The test results of the bearing capacity of the engineering piles are "only responsible for the incoming samples"

E 

无法给出全部基桩承载力是否满足设计要求的结论

It is impossible to give a conclusion whether the bearing capacity of all the foundation piles meets the design requirements

正确答案：A,E  (少选不得分)

25.单选题(2分)

在对竖直桩进行钻孔倾斜度检测时，当检测结果不超过桩长的( )且不大于500mm时，满足使用要求。

When testing the inclination of boreholes for vertical piles, when the testing result does not exceed ( ) of the length of the pile and is not more than 500mm, the requirements for use are met.

A

1.0%

B 

2.0%

C 

0.3%

D 

0.5%

正确答案：A

26.判断题(2分)

浅层平板载荷试验中，地基在荷载作用下达到破坏状态的过程，可分为压密、蠕变和破坏三个阶段。

In the shallow slab load test, the process of the foundation reaching the failure state under the load can be divided into three stages: compaction, creep and failure.

正确答案：错误

27.单选题(2分)

板式橡胶支座抗压弹性模量试验时加载的速率为（  ）。

The loading rate of plate rubber bearing in compressive elastic modulus test is ().

A 

0.03KN/s- 0.04KN/s

B

0.03MPa/s- 0.04MPa/s

C 

0.03N/s- 0.04N/s

D 

0.03Pa/s- 0.04Pa/s

正确答案：B

28.单选题(2分)

同一工程的一批试桩曲线应按相同的沉降纵坐标比例绘制，满刻度沉降值不宜小于( )。

A batch of test pile curves of the same project should be drawn according to the same scale of settlement ordinate, and the full scale settlement value should not be less than ( ).

A

40mm

B 

50mm

C 

80mm

D 

100mm

正确答案：A

29.多选题(2分)

下列关于单桩竖向抗压静载试验的说法中，(  )是正确的。

Among the following statements about the vertical compressive static load test of a single pile, ( ) is correct.

A分级荷载宜为最大加载量的1/10

The graded load should be 1/10 of the maximum load

B 

第一级加载量可取为分级荷载的2倍

The first-level load can be taken as twice the graded load

C 

快速维持荷载法的每级荷载维持时间至少为60min

The maintenance time of each stage of the rapid maintenance load method is at least 60min

D快速维持荷载法的每级荷载维持时间至少为30min

The maintenance time of each stage of the rapid maintenance load method is at least 30min

正确答案：A,B,C  (少选不得分)

30.判断题(2分)

如果桩的实测导纳曲线与正常桩的典型导纳曲线有较大出人，则桩身可能有各种缺陷。

If the measured admittance curve of the pile is significantly different from the typical admittance curve of the normal pile, the pile body may have various defects.

正确答案：正确

31.单选题(2分)

筋焊接接头拉伸试验，有1个试件延性断裂，2个试件发生脆性断裂，应再取（）个事件进行复验。

In the tensile test of the welded joints of steel bars, 1 specimen has ductile fracture and 2 specimens have brittle fracture, so () events should be taken for retest.

A 

3

B 

4

C 

5

D

6

正确答案：D

32.判断题(2分)

对于公路桥梁工程可采用重型或超重型动力触探试验，根据《铁路工程地质原位测试规程》(TB 10018-2018)测定中砂以上的砂类土和碎石类土的地基承载力。

For highway and bridge engineering, heavy-duty or super-heavy dynamic penetration test can be used, and the foundation bearing capacity of sandy soil and gravel soil above medium sand is determined according to the "Regulations for In-situ Testing of Railway Engineering Geology" (TB 10018-2018).

正确答案：正确

33.单选题(2分)

锚具硬度检验时抽取()进行试验。

Anchor hardness test extraction () test.

A 

1% -2%

B 

5% -7%

C

3% -5%

D 

7% -8%

正确答案：C

34.单选题(2分)

在用桥梁承载能力检算系数确定时,轴荷载分布影响修正系数确定时,按轴重超过()所占的百分比确定。

When the checking coefficient of bridge bearing capacity is used to determine the influence correction coefficient of axial load distribution, it is determined by the percentage of axle load over ().

A 

6t

B 

10t

C

12t

D 

14t

正确答案：C

35.单选题(2分)

锚具静载锚固性能、周期荷载试验、疲劳试验、辅助性试验时抽取（  ）个组装件的用量。

The amount of () assembly parts extracted during static load anchoring performance of anchor, periodic load test, fatigue test and auxiliary test.

A 

1

B 

2

C

3

D 

4

正确答案：C

36.单选题(2分)

桥梁地基浅层平板载荷试验现场测试时，基坑宽度不应小于承压板宽度(或直径)的()；试验加荷分级不应少于()。

During the field test of the shallow slab load test of the bridge foundation, the width of the foundation pit shall not be less than ( ) of the width (or diameter) of the bearing plate; the test load classification shall not be less than ( ).

A

3倍，8级

3x, level 8

B 

2倍，10级

2x, level 10

C 

3倍，10级

3x, level 10

D 

2倍，8级

2x, level 8

正确答案：A

37.单选题(2分)

盆式支座成品试验检测项目主要包括(  )、摩擦系数以及转动试验。

Basin bearing test items mainly include (), friction coefficient and rotation test.

A 

内部质量

Internal quality

B

竖向承载力

Vertical bearing capacity

C 

水平承载力

Horizontal bearing capacity

D 

变形

Deformation

正确答案：B

38.单选题(2分)

公路桥梁工程质量等级评定的标准尺度是( )。

The standard scale for evaluating the quality of highway bridge engineering is ( ).

A

《公路工程质量检验评定标准》

"Highway Engineering Quality Inspection and Evaluation Standards"

B 

《公路桥涵施工技术规范》

"Technical Specifications for Construction of Highway Bridges and Culverts"

C 

《公路桥涵设计通用规范》

"General Specification for Design of Highway Bridges and Culverts"

D 

设计文件

Designing Documents

正确答案：A

39.多选题(2分)

以下属于分项工程的是( )。

The following is a sub-project ( ).

 A

引道工程

Approach project

B防护工程

Protection engineering

C 

钢筋加工

Rebar processing

D 

构件预制

Component prefab

E 

构件安装

Component installation

正确答案：C,D,E  (少选不得分)

40.单选题(2分)

抗冻性好的石料在冻融试验后的质量损失率不大于（  ）。

The mass loss rate of stone with good frost resistance is not greater than () after freeze-thaw test.

A

2%

B 

3%

C 

4%

D 

5%

正确答案：A

41.判断题(2分)

填土属特殊性岩土，根据其组成和成因可分为素填土、压实填土、杂填土、冲填土。

Filling is a special rock and soil, which can be divided into plain fill, compacted fill, mixed fill and flush fill according to its composition and origin.

正确答案：正确

42.多选题(2分)

基桩检测中的直接法包括:()。

The direct method in pile detection includes: ().

A静载试验

Static load test

B 

钻芯法

core drilling

C 

开挖

excavation

D低应变

low strain

E高应变

high strain

正确答案：A,B,C  (少选不得分)

43.单选题(2分)

进行板式橡胶支座抗压弹性模量试验时，预压应力至 10Mpa，预加水平应力为（ ）。

When the compressive elastic modulus test of plate rubber bearing is carried out, the precompression stress reaches 10Mpa, and the pre-added horizontal stress is ().

A

1MPa

B 

2MPa

C 

0.1MPa

D 

10MPa

正确答案：A

44.单选题(2分)

百分表的分辨率为()。

A 

1mm

B 

0.1mm

C

0.01mm

D 

0.001mm

正确答案：C

45.单选题(2分)

均布荷载作用下金属波纹管径向刚度试验时，试样长度取 （），且不应小于 300mm。

In the radial stiffness test of metal corrugated pipe under uniform distributed load, the sample length should be (), and should not be less than 300mm.

A 

3d

B

4d

C 

5d

D 

6d

正确答案：B

46.单选题(2分)

混凝土棱柱体抗压弹性模量试验标准试件尺寸为（ ）。

The standard specimen size for compressive elastic modulus test of concrete prisms is ().

A 

100mm×100mm×300mm

B

150mm×150mm×300mm

C 

150mm×150mm×200mm

D 

200mm×200mm×400mm

正确答案：B

47.单选题(2分)

对于锤击桩，锤击拉应力应小于()桩身混凝土的轴心抗拉强度设计值。

For hammered piles, the hammered tensile stress should be less than ( ) the design value of the axial tensile strength of the concrete of the pile body.

A 

0.9倍

0.9 times

B 

1.0倍

1.0 times

C 

1.1倍

1.1 times

D

1.2倍

1.2 times

正确答案：D

48.单选题(2分)

桥梁承载能力评定时,大吨位车辆混人率指车辆质量超过()的车辆。

When evaluating the bearing capacity of Bridges, the mixing rate of large tonnage vehicles refers to the vehicles whose mass exceeds ().

A 

12t

B 

24t

C

30t

D 

40t

正确答案：C

49.单选题(2分)

按结构形式划分，用六根刻痕，钢丝和一根光圆中心钢丝研制的钢绞线的代号为（ ）。

According to the structural form, the code name of the strand developed with six notched, steel wire and one circular center steel wire is ().

A 

1×6

B 

1×7

C

1×7I

D 

（1×7）

正确答案：C

50.单选题(2分)

高应变检测时必须在桩身同一截面处，安装二只加速度传感器和二个应变传感器，且应对称布置，其主要目的是(  )。

During high strain detection, two acceleration sensors and two strain sensors must be installed at the same section of the pile body, and they should be arranged symmetrically. The main purpose is ( ).

A 

避免其中一只传感器损坏，而采集不到数据

Avoid damage to one of the sensors without collecting data

B

减小偏心锤击的影响

Reduce the impact of eccentric hammering

C 

避免单只传感器处的桩身质量而影响结果

Avoid the quality of the pile body at a single sensor affecting the results

D 

相互验证,校核结果的可靠性

Mutual verification, checking the reliability of the results

正确答案：B